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  1. Home/
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  3. Design of Shallow Foundation (Isolated Footings)

Design of Shallow Foundation (Isolated Footings)

Design of Shallow Foundations (isolated footing)   AIM:To design a square footing for a column size of 400x400 for given constraints and do the following check:• If the gross bearing pressure under the footing is within safe bearing capacity Provide sufficient depth and longitudinal steel for resisting bending…

    • Aditya Bhute

      updated on 20 Oct 2022

    Design of Shallow Foundations (isolated footing)

     

    AIM:
    To design a square footing for a column size of 400x400 for given constraints and do the following check:
    • If the gross bearing pressure under the footing is within safe bearing capacity Provide sufficient depth and longitudinal steel for resisting bending and shear
    • Sufficient anchorage for column steel into the footing
    • If the bearing pressure at the column-footing joint is within 0.45 times the maximum concrete compressive strength.
    Also, to provide a sketch showing the details of geometric and structural features of footing.

    INTRODUCTION:
    • Footing is a part of the foundation which is constructed with concrete or brickwork masonry and acts as a base for the floor columns and floor walls.
    • The main function of footing is to transfer the vertical loads directly to the soil.
    • The four main types of footing are strip/wall footing, spread footing, combined footing, and raft footing.
    • A wall footing or strip footing is a continuous strip of concrete that serves to spread the weight of a load-bearing wall across an area of soil.
    • Spread footing is a pad that distributes the column load in 2 directions to an area of soil around the column. It can be stepped, tapered, etc.
    • Combined footing is provided when two columns are closely placed or when the column is at the property line.
    • Raft footing is provided for very weak soil or when the area of the overall column to the area of the site footprint exceeds 50%.
    • Isolated footing is an individual footing that transfers the load to the underground soil. It is provided when a single column is to be provided.

     

    TASK -

    Design a square footing for a column size of 400x400. The compression axial load for the load combination of (1.5 DL + 1.5 LL) is 2000 KN. The safe soil bearing capacity is 150 KN/m2 at a depth of 2 meters below E.G.L. Participants are free to go for either a tapered or stepped footing. Besides the total axial load, also account for the self-weight of the footing and soil above it. Assume M25 concrete grade. Do the following checks:

    • If the gross bearing pressure under the footing is within the safe bearing capacity
    • Provide sufficient depth and longitudinal steel for resisting bending and shear
    • Sufficient anchorage for column steel into the footing
    • If the bearing pressure at the column-footing joint is within 0.45 times the maximum concrete compressive strength

    Provide a simple sketch showing the size of the footing, maximum and minimum depth of the section, flexural reinforcement in both directions, and anchorage of column steel.  

    PROCEDURE:

     

    • Data are given:

     

    • Column size 400mmx400mm

     

    • Compression axial load for the load combination of (1.5 DL + 1.5 LL) is 2000 KN

     

    • Safe soil bearing capacity at a depth of 2 meters below E.G.L is 150 kN/m²

     

    • Assuming the self-weight of the footing and soil above it as a 10% load

     

    • Grade of concrete=25 kN/m²

     

    • Assuming fy=415 N/mm²

    Here a sloped footing is designed.

     

     

    • Gross bearing capacity

     

    • Assuming the unit weight of the soil to be 18kN/mÂł

     

    • Load on the footing= 1333.3kN

     

    • Weight of the footing,g = 3.5 X 3.5 X 25 X 0.8 = 245KN

     

    • weight of the soil= 3.5 X 3.5 X (2 - 0.8) X 18 = 261.6kN

     

    • Total load= 1852kN

    • Gross bearing capacity= 1852/3.5 X 3.5 =257KN/m2

    • As 257 kN/m² >150kN/m², hence we need to increase the size of the footing to 3.8m X 3.8m

     

    • Now total load=1934KN

     

    • gross bearing capacity=1934/3.8*3.8=133.9KN/mm2

     

    • 133.9 kN/m² <150kN/m², hence safe

     

    • Corrected net soil pressure = 2000/3.8*3.8= 138.5kn

     

     

     Reinforcement Bars Placement Plan

     

     

     Section of the Footing

     

    RESULT:

    Sloped isolated footing for the square column is designed for the given conditions and also checked.

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